Ethnomedical Perspectives on Visha Dravyas – A Review

Abstract

Introduction: Ethnomedicine, the study of traditional medical practices used by various ethnic groups, often  incorporates the use of “Visha Dravyas“ in therapeutic contexts. This review delves into the ethnomedical  perspectives on Visha Dravyas, highlighting their historical and contemporary applications, and therapeutic benefits  within traditional medical systems such as Ayurveda and indigenous healing practices. Visha Dravyas, despite their  inherent toxicity, have been meticulously utilized for their potent medicinal properties, offering treatments for a range  of ailments. This dual nature — being both toxic and therapeutic — underscores the sophistication of traditional  knowledge systems in balancing harm and healing. Materials and Methods: The review examines key poisonous plants and their pharmacological uses in different  regions of India and the world, supported by both traditional texts and modern scientific studies. In addition,  the review addresses the cultural and ritualistic aspects of Visha Dravyas, emphasizing the holistic approach of  ethnomedical practices that integrate physical, spiritual, and environmental health. Results: This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of Visha Dravyas in ethnomedicine.  It underscores the importance of preserving traditional knowledge and promoting interdisciplinary research to unlock  the full potential of these potent natural resources. Discussion: The findings highlight the need for a nuanced approach to integrating traditional and modern medical  practices, ensuring safety and efficacy in the use of Visha Dravyas for future health-care innovations. Conclusion: Review concluded that the use of ethnomedicinal plants increased with elevation due to limited  alternative options and market accessibility. Almost all plants contain active components that can be effective against  diseases, but certain plants despite being poisonous possess valuable medicinal use.