Conceptual Study of Trimarma W. S. R. to Sirah Marma

Abstract

The science of Marma (vital point), i.e., Marma Vijyaniyam is an extraordinary and dynamic part mentioned in  classical texts of Ayurveda that has tremendous value while performing surgery. Marma is such an imperative  and unique principle of Ayurveda. Trimarma is the basic organs of the body representing the three different  systems – nervous, cardiovascular, and urinary system. Trimarma is gaining importance as “tripod of life” because  they are more Sadyopranahara Marma than other Marma. Sirah Marma is considered first because trauma to the  head causes disturbance in respiratory, circulatory, and temperature-regulating center in the brain area and may lead  to unconsciousness and death. Charak stated that Prana is situated in Siras which is also called Uttamangam due  to its control over all the Indriya (Sense). In this article, an effort is made to compile and analyze the fundamental  concept of Trimarma. Marmas are certain vital points spread all over the surface of the  human body. The Marma is said to be the sites where there is the  conglomeration of Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi, and Sandhi and at these  places, Prana resides, especially by nature.[1] Marma is constituted by  six vital elements, i.e., Soma, Maruta, Tejas, Satva, Raja, and Tama and  where Jivatma resides. Hence, any injury to Marma proves to be fatal.[2] All the classics analogously opine for 107 Marma[3] in the body but on  point of narration, only three of them – Trimarma – Sirah, Hridaya, and  Vasti are mentioned. Marma of the trunk is more vital than the Marma of extremities, as the extremities are connected to and depend on the  trunk. Even among the Marma of trunk, Trimarma is more important.